Tailings, waste are treasure
The main body of the Qaidam Basin, known as the cornucopia, is located in the Haixi Mongol-Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture. Chaidamu is rich in mineral resources. The Western Tin Mine Lead-Zinc Mine is the largest lead and zinc raw material production base in China. It has an annual capacity of 1.5 million tons of ore to be mined. It produces annual lead concentrates and zinc concentrates. 120,000 tons of tailings sulfur concentrate. A large number of sulfur concentrates pile up and pollute the environment. Li Shuguang, director of the Office of Western Mining Xitieshan Branch, said that in order to avoid tailings polluting the environment, in the past, companies invested more than 1 million yuan each year to treat the tailings.
The situation is different nowadays. Digesting tin-iron tailings is a local boride industry. Haixi Prefecture is rich in boron, and it has the largest production base for boron products in China. The boric industry requires a large amount of sulfuric acid as a raw material, and sulfur concentrate is the main raw material for producing sulfuric acid. Turn waste into “treasureâ€, a series of industrial chains have been formed one after another: the establishment of an innovative mining industry with an annual output of 100,000 tons of sulfuric acid, annual consumption of 80,000 tons of sulphur concentrate, solving the boric acid industrial production of sulphuric acid, tailings from sulphuric acid plant It contains a large number of elements such as iron oxide, which is provided for the selection of iron ore concentrates in Golmud Zhonghui Mining; the production of tailings from iron ore concentrates is used for the production of cement by Haixi Chemical Construction Co., Ltd.; the exhaust gas generated during the production of sulfuric acid in the sulfuric acid plant contains A lot of heat, sulfuric acid plants are planning to build thermal power plants...
Qaidam also has the largest Chaerhan Salt Lake in the country. The Qinghai Salt Lake Group produces 1.5 million tons of potash fertilizer each year. The production of potash fertilizer produces a large amount of old halogenated waste. The old halogen-rich, magnesium-rich emissions cause serious pollution in the mining area. Qinghai Soda Industry Co., Ltd. has an annual output of 900,000 tons of soda ash. At present, it has started to use the salt salts abandoned by the Salt Lake Group as the main raw material for production. Alkali Industry produces a large amount of fly ash, which is also an additive for high-grade cement and can be used as a raw material for cement plants. Slag is used as a road-building material for road construction.
Reasonable industrial chain layout
The industrial linkages between Qaidam enterprises and the circular economy's network structure are, on the one hand, self-deploying through the market, and more importantly, the government's rational planning of industrial layout.
Mineral resources in Qinghai Province account for 60% of the number of mineral discoveries in China. Among these resources, there are more than 50 kinds of retained reserves in the top 10 in the country. Qinghai's mineral resources are mainly concentrated in Qaidam. Its potential economic value is 15.5 trillion yuan, accounting for more than 90% of the province's potential value of resources.
Ding Zhongbao, deputy director of the Development and Reform Commission of Haixi Prefecture, said that Qaidam has a full range of resources, high grades, a good mix of varieties, and a high degree of industrial correlation, and has the conditions to form large-scale, pillar-type industrial clusters. In the introduction of the project, we focus on the introduction of powerful companies with influential industries and great potential for development. In particular, it focused on the introduction of a number of key link projects and deep processing projects to open up the way for the formation of circular economy industrial clusters and industrial chains.
Since 2001, Qaidam has successively settled in a number of large-scale powerful companies such as CITIC Guoan, Xiwang Mining, Zhejiang Glass, Inner Mongolia Qinghua, and Henan Yima, etc., and has been involved in salt lake development, iron ore refinery, soda ash production, and lithium resource development. Coal extraction and other areas have brought about several billion yuan of investment here. Among the hundreds of investment projects, deep processing projects accounted for 60%, and the degree of correlation between enterprises has greatly improved. The cyclical industrial chain that has been formed to horizontally connect electric power, oil and gas chemical industry, salt chemical industry, coal chemical industry, non-ferrous metals, construction materials and other industries mainly includes: oil and gas-salt chemical industrial chain, coal-coke-salt chemical industrial chain, Non-ferrous metals - natural gas - salt chemical industry chain and iron ore - coke - steel industry chain. The “golden chain†strung together in this article fully extracts the effective components of resources and creates great economic benefits. In 2004 and 2005, Qinghai Industry increased at a rate of 22% and 21%. On October 27, 2005, with the approval of the State Council, Qinghai's Qaidam Circular Economy Experimental Zone has been formally listed as one of the first batch of 13 circular economy pilot industrial parks in China.
Cannot engage in "digging"
Xu Haidong, Director of the Western Development Institute of the China Local Government Research Institute of Peking University, inspects Qaidam and believes that the development of the Qaidam industrial development project around the resource industry chain has improved the level of deep processing and comprehensive utilization of resources, and implemented resources in situ. The transformation has led to a path of exploration economy that is quite meaningful.
Xu Haidong believes that the development of the western region can no longer go through the old road of “digging†and develop a circular economy. Government departments should adopt effective policies to promote such as strengthening laws and regulations, improving policies and measures, and prior to the introduction of relevant national policies. Formulate local preferential policies, incorporate the development of circular economy into the policy system, work hard to form an incentive mechanism for the development of circular economy; optimize the industrial layout, solidify the industrial chain, introduce or develop deep processing projects, the more elaborate industrial chain structure, the better the use of resources In the case of China's current system for screening, selection, and even R&D of deep processing projects is not yet mature, we should strengthen guidance, focus on scientific and technological services, and establish scientific and technological information providers and R&D institutions centered on the industrial chain; Circular development will be a key breakthrough point, and enterprises will be encouraged to consider circular economy from both economic and social benefits, and to guide enterprises to change their ecological environment into ecological environment, and to achieve both protection and development.
Qaidam: Resource development string "chemical chain"
In the past, polluting waste that caused headaches in Qinghai Qaidam Wood Minerals Corporation has become a marketable industrial raw material. For the development of the Qaidam resource, the government led the company to build a network of industrial chains, and achieved economic and ecological win-win results with efficient use of resources.