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Soil samples were collected at the jointing, heading and maturing stages of winter wheat. The sampling method was a random 6-point sampling method. For sampling, soil samples with a 3 cm diameter soil drill were taken from the rows of wheat (0-20 cm). After the six soil samples in the same plot are picked up, they are mixed on the spot to form a mixed sample and stored in an incubator with an ice pack. After the soil sample was brought back to the laboratory, mix and remove the visible roots and stones in time, and use a 2mm sieve to reserve. In order to avoid excessive soil moisture, in the event of rainfall, soil sampling should be carried out as far as possible from 2 to 3 days after the rain. The dry weight method was used to measure the soil moisture content; the soil microbial biomass carbon was determined by the chloroform fumigation leaching-potassium dichromate volumetric method; the soil microbial biomass nitrogen was determined by the chloroform fumigation leaching method; the microbiological respiration rate of the soil was used to reflect the microorganisms. The activity was measured using an indoor static closed culture-alkali absorption titration method.
The decline in soil microbial biomass and microbial activity may be related to changes in soil moisture. In the case of adequate soil moisture, elevated temperatures are generally considered to increase the microbial activity of the soil. However, under the restriction of soil moisture, an increase in temperature may not stimulate the activity of microorganisms or even reduce its activity. In this study, although warming treatment reduced soil water content to a certain extent, it did not reach a significant level compared with the control, and its degree of reduction of soil moisture was also smaller than that of natural ecosystems. Changes in moisture within a specific range or within a relatively small range have no significant effect on microbial microbial respiration. Therefore, although in this experiment, nighttime warming does lead to a certain decrease in soil moisture, under the background of irrigation, the decrease of soil moisture in this experiment may not be the main reason leading to the decline of soil microbial biomass and microbial activity.
The determination of soil moisture and heat parameters by portable soil moisture temperature rapid measurement instrument can find that nighttime temperature increase reduces the soil microbial biomass and microbial activity of winter wheat, and the response of soil microbial biomass and microbial respiration to temperature increase treatment at different latitude test points are It showed a decreasing trend and showed a certain latitude difference. The changes in soil microbial characteristics caused by warming may not only affect the status of soil nutrient supply, but also involve greenhouse gas emissions under future climate backgrounds. The response characteristics of soil microorganisms should be taken into account in the technical adjustment of crop production to combat climate change.
Determination of Soil Water and Heat of Winter Wheat by Portable Soil Moisture Temperature Tester
Winter wheat is an important food crop in China. In order to improve the quality and yield of winter wheat, the effect of nighttime warming on soil microbial characteristics in the main winter wheat production areas of winter wheat is not only conducive to the technical choice of wheat production in response to climate change, but also to the scientific evaluation of climate. The impact of warming on China's food security has important theoretical reference value. Preventing warming affecting the acceptance of precipitation does not cover rain and snow. At the same time, in order to avoid damage to the temperature-increasing facilities, wind speeds greater than 10ms−1 are not covered. The temperature increase effect of the facility is balanced and significant. The uniform and effective temperature increase zone in each plot can reach 15m2 or more, and the average temperature at night during the whole growth period of winter wheat canopy and 5cm soil layer is increased by 1.3°C and 0.8°C, respectively, basically reaching the temperature increase in the field. Test study requirements. Portable soil moisture temperature measuring instrument has a very important role in the determination of soil water and heat parameters.