With the introduction of energy conservation and environmental protection policies, air source heat pumps are constantly accepted by users with this remarkable advantage. First of all, it uses air as a low-temperature heat source, which is inexhaustible and inexhaustible. It can be obtained free of charge. Secondly, one machine for dual use, hot water supply in winter and cold water in summer can save a set of cooling water system and boiler. Thirdly, it can be arranged outdoors, does not occupy the effective area of ​​the building, is convenient to install, and is easy to operate and manage. Finally, the protection and control system of the equipment is complete and the reliability of the equipment is relatively high. The working principle of the air source heat pump is to use the inverse Carnot principle to absorb heat from the air and transport it to the indoor heating place. 1 Technical prospect of air source heat pump 1.1 Two-stage compression technology When the evaporation temperature is lower than -25 degrees and the compression ratio of the compressor is greater than 8, a two-stage compression technique should be used. The low pressure vapor from the evaporator is first sucked into the gaseous refrigerant compressed to the intermediate pressure by the low pressure stage (first stage) compressor of the compressor, and the vapor cooled by the intercooler is sucked by the high pressure stage (secondary) compressor. Compress to condensate pressure and discharge into the condenser. The working process is: low pressure cylinder suction DDD low pressure stage compression DDD low pressure cylinder exhaust DDD medium pressure cooling (intercooler) DDD high pressure cylinder suction DDD high pressure stage compression DDD high pressure cylinder exhaust (condensation pressure). In the working process, first, the low-temperature low-pressure gaseous refrigerant is compressed into a higher-temperature intermediate pressure gaseous refrigerant via a low-pressure stage compressor, and then enters the suction pipe of the high-pressure stage compressor through the high-pressure stage four-way valve. The second is the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant that flows out through the high pressure accumulator and then enters the intercooler through two ways. One of them passes through the electromagnetic valve into the intermediate throttle thermal expansion valve, becomes a medium-temperature medium-pressure gas-liquid mixed refrigerant, and then flows into the intermediate-temperature medium-pressure refrigerant passage of the intercooler, thereby absorbing the heat of the liquid refrigerant in the absorption channel. The high temperature and high pressure liquid refrigerant is sufficiently subcooled, and the evaporated medium temperature medium pressure refrigerant is mixed with the higher temperature refrigerant flowing out of the four-way valve, and then enters the advanced compressor to be compressed into a high temperature and high pressure gaseous refrigerant. The high pressure four-way valve enters the refrigerant/water heat exchanger to release the heat carried. After cooling to a high temperature liquid, enter the high pressure reservoir via a one-way valve. The other way is via the solenoid valve, and the intermediate throttle thermal expansion valve enters the intermediate temperature medium pressure refrigerant passage of the intermediate cooler, and is further supercooled by the intermediate cooler to absorb the evaporation waste heat of the refrigerant in the medium temperature medium pressure refrigerant passage. Then, the fully supercooled high-pressure liquid refrigerant is depressurized into a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid mixed refrigerant through a thermal expansion valve for heating, and then enters a refrigerant/air heat exchanger, and the heat of the air absorbing outside is evaporated into a low temperature and a low pressure. The gaseous refrigerant is returned to the compressor via a four-way valve and the gas-liquid separator, and thus circulates. 1.2 Stacking cycle technology The cascade cycle system consists of two separate refrigeration systems, called the high temperature and low temperature stages. Among them, the high temperature part uses a medium temperature refrigerant, and the low temperature part uses a low temperature refrigerant. The evaporation of the refrigerant in the high temperature portion is used to cool the refrigerant in the low temperature portion of the system, and the two portions are connected by a condensing evaporator, so that the condensing evaporator is both an evaporator at a high temperature portion and a condenser at a low temperature portion. The refrigerant in the low temperature portion absorbs heat in the evaporator to the object to be cooled, and transfers the heat to the refrigerant in the high temperature portion, and finally the high temperature refrigerant to the cooling medium (water or air). 1.3 Frequency conversion compression technology The frequency conversion compression technology is a compression technology with constant rotation speed. It can continuously adjust the rotation speed within a certain range by a control method or means, and can continuously change the output energy compression technology. The core is the inverter. The frequency converter adjusts the compressor speed by changing the frequency of the compressor supply. Relying on the speed of the compressor to achieve the purpose of controlling the room temperature, the room temperature fluctuation is small, the power consumption is small, and the comfort is greatly improved. The inverter air conditioner using the variable frequency control technology can automatically select the heating, cooling and dehumidifying operation modes according to the ambient temperature, so that the living room can quickly reach the required temperature in a short time and have a small temperature difference in the low speed and low energy consumption state. Fluctuation, achieving fast, energy-saving and comfortable temperature control. 1.4 Turbo technology uses Turbo technology in air source heat pumps. By simultaneously starting the Turbo function when the compressor is started, the output power of the compressor is instantaneously increased by 20%, thereby achieving rapid temperature rise and fall. In this way, the air source heat pump can quickly reach the set temperature and enter the heat preservation stage, which greatly shortens the time of the energy-intensive start-up phase, thereby achieving the purpose of energy saving. Compared with the general compression technology, it can shorten the startup time by about 40%, thereby saving 30% of electrical energy. 1.5 Efficient heat transfer technology High-efficiency energy-saving air conditioner relies on evaporation to absorb the heat in the air to achieve the purpose of cooling. According to the principle of “water evaporation efficiency†of natural physical phenomena: when the hot air passes through the actual heat exchange area 100 times the wet curtain with water evaporation A large amount of heat will be absorbed by the air to achieve the process of air cooling. Therefore, compared with the traditional compression technology, its characteristics are not reflected in the compressor, but in the increase of the heat transfer surface. 2 application of air source heat pump technology Air source heat pump technology is currently mainly used in water heaters and air conditioners. In terms of functional utilization, it can be used for refrigeration, floor heating, and central hot water. Air source heat pump air conditioner is suitable for high-end apartments of more than 150 square meters. One system can realize three functions of central air conditioning, floor heating and central domestic hot water. Compared with conventional central air conditioning, energy saving is 20%-30%. Since it uses electrical energy for operation, there is no pollution and waste in operation. It can be used for refrigeration, floor heating and supply of domestic hot water to achieve multi-purpose use. It has an unparalleled advantage over other electric heaters. First of all, the use of heat recovery technology to achieve refrigeration, while enjoying free use of domestic hot water, hot water temperature can reach 55-60 ° C high temperature; Second, in the case of air conditioning and floor heating without use, can be produced separately for domestic hot water The hot water temperature can reach a high temperature of 55-60 ° C; third, the floor heating can also be used to produce domestic hot water, and the hot water temperature can reach a high temperature of 55-60 ° C. Fourth, it is possible to use the low-valley power to heat the domestic hot water at a regular time, and the cost is more economical; fifth, the central circulating hot water can be selected, and the hot water can be used immediately; and sixth, the electric heating device is built in the domestic hot water tank. The water temperature of the domestic water system can be made more stable. 3 Conclusion Air source heat pump technology is only one of the heat pump technologies. In today's society where environmental protection and energy conservation is the life concept, it will be further developed. But this is not only because it has energy-saving and environmental protection functions, but most importantly, it can recycle part of the heat during the heating process. It is a heat pump system that realizes closed-loop energy use. While maintaining the temperature of people's living environment, through the recycling of energy, it has an ecological level, belongs to the category of ecological heating, and will inevitably have broad application prospects.
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