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At present, China's commercial vehicle market is constrained by the macro-environmental background. Extensive traditional manufacturing industries are rapidly declining from developed coastal areas in the eastern coastal areas to the central and western regions. At the same time, medium-to-medium-sized cards have low-end products in the middle and western regions. This shows that commercial vehicles are entering a period of fundamental and structural changes in the market and products.
The future development trend of the domestic heavy truck market is as follows:
High-end products energy saving and environmental protection
At present, long-distance, ultra-long-distance, rapid transportation, and distribution of goods have imposed more requirements on the quality, reliability, and durability of vehicles. This will make homogenized products gradually lose their competitiveness. The rapid growth will begin to form an order of magnitude market size in a short period of time.
In recent years, the sales of low-end trucks in Chinese trucks have been declining year by year, and price competition has become increasingly fierce. At the same time, the growth in the mid-range and high-end is very fast, and imported cars are also growing. These market developments are changing with the demand for heavy trucks in China. From 2010, demand for high-end heavy trucks in China is growing at a rate of 1% per year. It is expected that by 2020, the market share of high-end heavy trucks in China will reach over 10% of the total heavy trucks.
High-end products should be included in the user's range of vehicles, because such products can not only meet the requirements of energy saving and environmental protection, but also can reduce the use of vehicle costs and increase the efficiency, high-end heavy trucks are often more cost-effective in the overall cost of use. The low level of energy consumption means that the cost of vehicles is low, and less emissions means energy saving and environmental protection.
The appearance of tall and powerful European and American
In recent years, the appearance of China-made heavy trucks has become more and more popular in Europe and the United States, with a high level of mightiness, boldness, boldness, simplicity, and stylish style. Fully combines the body structure, manufacturing process requirements, aerodynamics, ergonomics, engineering materials, mechanical cartography, acoustics and optics and other knowledge, and then the external beauty of the product modeling and internal scientific advanced performance perfect combination.
Interior multifunctional
Manufacturers have made great fuss on reducing wind resistance, noise, improving overall comfort and safety performance, creating a warm family atmosphere in the cab, and highly embodying humanity. Such as imitation of car design makes the truck more humane; aerospace interior design and layout, more and more spacious, comfortable, warm cab to provide drivers with a good transport dynamic working environment. The current high-end heavy-duty trucks incorporate the Asian Oriental culture's color and exquisite refinement and fluency to form a distinctive feature of China's heavy trucks.
High speed, high power, heavy tonnage
With the continuous increase in investment in infrastructure construction in China and the increase in projects such as hydropower, mining, oil fields, highways, urban transportation and environmental protection projects, the need for heavy vehicles has increased, creating a broad range for the development of heavy vehicles. Market space.
This means that high-tech, high-value-added, and relatively profitable industries will grow. This will result in the shipment of a large amount of goods with high added value, which means that China will need high-efficiency, high-quality, high-reliability commercial products in the future. car. China's future heavy trucks will develop high-power, large-displacement, heavy tonnage trucks from the perspective of reducing unit transportation costs. This will bring more choices for high-end users.
Transmission speeding
Transmission matching is related to the power of the engine, and the transmission ratios of the transmissions with different powers are different. Vehicles that match high-power engines have a higher payload, and matched transmissions require a larger transmission ratio, and vice versa.
At present, the transmission ratio of domestic heavy-duty truck transmissions is changing, and more and more transmissions are now equipped with overdrive gears. The transmission gear shifts from the past 9th gear to the 12th gear gradually, which is still related to overload. Under overload conditions, the vehicle's speed is slow, the relative economic speed is relatively low, and the 9-speed transmission is sufficient. In the case of standard load, the economic speed is increased to 95-110 km, which requires more gears. To achieve faster speeds.
Tractors with high power and low torque have a high speed and low fuel consumption. Dump trucks are suitable for products with relatively high engine power and high torque, and are equipped with rear axles with relatively large deceleration and transmissions with more gears. The speed ratio refers to the comprehensive effect of transmissions and axles.
Axle high-efficiency high-tech
The heavy truck bridge is one of the key assemblies in the chassis of a car, and it bears the full load of the spring loaded on the heavy truck and the vertical forces, longitudinal forces, lateral forces, and the vertical forces imparted to the ground via the wheels, frame, or load-bearing body suspension. Torque, as well as impact load; the drive axle also transmits the maximum torque in the drive train, and the axle housing also bears a reaction torque.
Under the limits of national regulations, the load capacity of the axle cannot be increased so much. Now the method most commonly used by professional manufacturers is to “continue to increase the technical content of the axle and its accessories, from the manufacturing process of the axle housing to the axle. The deceleration form, the wheel braking method, and other aspects, through the introduction of some advanced foreign technology, introduced with the company's characteristics, advanced structure, strong carrying capacity of the axle."
Intelligent electronic information
The development of heavy-duty trucks is becoming more intelligent. Apart from basic safety measures such as parking and service brakes, it is equipped with a fully functional GPS monitoring system, a rollover prevention system, and electronic control, hydraulics, machinery, ABS, ESP, EBD, and Network safe driving system and other safety and comfort information systems greatly improve the safety and reliability of the vehicle. The rapid development of electronic technology and the large number of applications make the operating status of major assemblies everywhere with electronic components. Most of the operating systems are automatically coordinated through computers.
The acceleration of intelligentized technology development makes the car easier to operate and has better driving safety. More intelligent systems and early warning systems are now used as active safety systems. These products not only alert drivers of potential threats, they can also help drivers to take protective measures to provide technical support for smart cars in human and vehicle interconnection. .
Lightweight components
Lightweighting is aimed at pursuing higher transportation efficiency. With the constant weight of cargo carried, the purpose of improving vehicle speed, reducing fuel consumption, and reducing pollutant emissions is achieved through weight reduction of the vehicle body. The lightweighting of heavy trucks is a systematic project that involves the entire vehicle, engine, suspension and other fields, and even includes new materials and new technologies to expand the scope of application.
On the method of achieving lightweight, the first is to optimize the vehicle design structure, and the second is to apply new materials on the basis of optimizing the product structure. Such as the use of aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys, ceramics, plastics, glass fiber or carbon fiber composite materials and other new materials applied to the advanced stage, or to change the drive axle to steering axle, double beam to single beam, starting from the basic design , By optimizing the structure and rational use of new materials and new technologies, the overall lightweighting can be achieved without reducing the carrying capacity.